2.2/2.5 dCi vs D4/D5: which engine is more reliable?

According to our risk index, the 2.2/2.5 dCi carries less risk than the D4/D5: 52/100 versus 64/100 (both high risk). The 2.2/2.5 dCi has 3 documented serious faults, the main one being «Premature turbo and intercooler failure»; the D4/D5 has 2 documented serious faults, the main one being «Auxiliary belt breakage that takes the timing belt with it (5-cylinder)».

Risk index

2.2/2.5 dCi

High risk · 3 serious faults

Lower risk

Risk index

D4/D5

High risk · 2 serious faults

The index (0–100) weights the severity and frequency of the three most serious documented faults. How it is calculated

Reviewed on 27 September 202611 sources How we work

Is the 2.2/2.5 dCi reliable?

The 2.2 dCi (YD22DDT/YD22DDTi) and 2.5 dCi (YD25DDTi) are diesels of Nissan's own design, with a timing chain, fitted to the Almera, Primera, X-Trail, Navara and Pathfinder between 2000 and 2015. The turbo and its intercooler are the best-documented fault, above all on the X-Trail, along with injector failures; the timing chain, on the other hand, gives hardly any trouble according to the reliability reports consulted.^[1][2][3]

See the 5 of the 2.2/2.5 dCi faults

Is the D4/D5 reliable?

The Volvo D5/D4 covers two different engines: the classic 5-cylinder (2001-2016, D5244T/D5204) and the 4-cylinder VEA (D4204T, from 2013). On the former, several owners document the auxiliary belt breaking and taking the timing belt with it, destroying the engine; on the VEA the most common problems are the EGR, the DPF and oil consumption that can damage the turbo from 90,000-150,000 km. Neither is an engine to buy without checking its service history.^[4][5][6][7]

See the 6 of the D4/D5 faults

Side-by-side comparison

Comparison of 2.2/2.5 dCi and D4/D5
Item	2.2/2.5 dCi	D4/D5
Technical data
Type	Engine	Engine
Fuel	Diesel	Diesel
Displacement	—	—
Timing	Chain	Timing belt (dry)
Power	110–190 hp	120–235 hp
Production	2000–2015^[1][8]	2001–2024^[4][5][9]
Reliability
Risk index (what is it?)	52High risk	64High risk
Documented faults	5	6
Of high or critical severity	3	2
Worst severity	Critical severity	Critical severity
Main faults	High severity: Premature turbo and intercooler failure High severity: Injection pump or injector failure Critical severity: Timing chain wear	Critical severity: Auxiliary belt breakage that takes the timing belt with it (5-cylinder) High severity: High oil consumption from 90,000-150,000 km that harms the turbo (VEA) Medium severity: Clogged EGR valve or EGR cooler leaking into the intake
Most expensive documented repair	No reliable data	No reliable data
Which versions to buy
BuyRecommended versions	None	None
With cautionVersions to be cautious about	2.2 Di 110-125 (YD22DDT, 2000-2003)^[2] 2.2 dCi 136-140 (YD22DDTi, 2003-2007)^[3] 2.5 dCi 142-174 (YD25DDTi, 2005-2010)^[1] 2.5 dCi 144-190 (YD25DDTi, 2010-2015)^[1]	2.4/2.0 D3/D4/D5 5-cylinder (D5244T/D5204, 2001-2016)^[6][10] 2.0 D2/D3/D4/D5 VEA 4-cylinder (D4204T, 2013-2024)^[6][7][11]
AvoidVersions to avoid	None	None

Severity of each fault: green, low; amber, medium; red, high; dark red, critical. How we rate them

Cars that each one is fitted to

2.2/2.5 dCi

D4/D5

See the 14 models with the D4/D5

Other comparisons

With the 2.2/2.5 dCi

With the D4/D5

Compare other engines

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Sources

Every fact on this page links to its source. If you find an error, let us know.

Nissan YD engineWikipedia · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026
Fiabilité Nissan Almera : pannes et avisFiches-auto.fr · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Fiabilité Nissan X-Trail : pannes et avisFiches-auto.fr · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Volvo Engine ArchitectureWikipedia · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026
Volvo D5: 185 CV para el S60, V70, XC70 y XC90Autopista.es · Motoring press · published July 2005 · consulted 27 September 2026 · in Spanish
Fiabilité et pannes Volvo XC60 (2008-2017)Fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Fiabilité et pannes Volvo V60Fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Nissan Navara SE Doble Cabina 2.5 dCi 190 CV 4x4 — datos técnicoskm77 · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026 · in Spanish
Volvo XC90Wikipedia · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026 · in Spanish
Fiabilité et pannes Volvo S60Fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Fiabilité et pannes Volvo XC60 (2017-)Fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French