Warning lights and alertsUrgency: Garage soon

Electric parking brake warning: causes and the faults that trigger it

If the electric parking brake shows a warning, the usual cause according to the sources is a fault in the switch, a dirty or faulty motor, the control unit, a fuse or the electrical supply. It can get stuck on without releasing or fail to hold the car. RACE reminds readers that each manufacturer provides an emergency release method, but you should still go to a garage.^[1][2][3]

Colour: red. Symbol: letter P inside a circle in brackets, sometimes with an exclamation mark.

59 documented faults cause it in 59 cars. The most important:

Critical severity: Recalls for the rear brake hose and the sealing of the handbrake cable · Audi A4 B6
Critical severity: The electric parking brake could apply inappropriately · Audi Q2
Critical severity: 2010 recall for risk of the electric parking brake locking · Renault Scénic II

What it means

Cars with an electric parking brake show a warning light or message when the caliper motor, its wiring or the control unit fails. The brake may not release or may not apply.

General explanation from MotorFiable. How it shows up in each engine, with sources, is in the list of faults.

What to do now

Garage soon

Do not rely on the handbrake if the warning appears: park on level ground and leave the car in gear. Have the system diagnosed.

Reviewed on 1 November 202671 sources How we work

Most common causes

From most to least likely according to the sources. Under each cause, the part and the related OBD codes.

1. Handbrake not fully released
Common cause
coches.com points out that the simplest and most frequent cause is that the brake isn't fully released; RACE reminds readers that, if the warning light stays on after releasing it, there may be a serious problem in the braking circuit.^[3][4]
Faults with with the handbrake
2. Blown fuse or lack of battery voltage
Common cause
RACE cites a blown fuse or loss of electrical supply among the causes of electric brake failure; coches.com adds low battery voltage.^[1][3]
Faults with with the handbrake
3. Dirty or faulty brake motor
Common cause
RACE explains that dirt builds up in the motor that pulls the cables, under the car or in the wheel arch, and can jam it; in the two-motor system, brake pad dust can get into one of them. It attributes this mainly to lack of maintenance.^[1]
Faults with with the handbrake
4. Control unit
Possible cause
RACE includes control unit failure among the causes in two-motor systems.^[1]
Faults with with the handbrake Faults with with the electrical wiring
5. Worn switch or button
Possible cause
RACE points out that the electric button can wear out through repeated use of its contacts.^[1]
Faults with with the handbrake
6. Brake pads, calipers or brake fluid in poor condition
Possible cause
coches.com lists worn pads or calipers, low, bubbly or contaminated fluid, the level sensor and the pedal switch as causes of the warning light staying on; with the ABS light also on, the calipers may be partially seized.^[3][4]
Faults with with brake calipers and discs Faults with with the brake system

Depending on what you notice

The electric handbrake won't release

RACE describes how it can get stuck on. On a slope it suggests pushing the car, preferably with several people, to relieve pressure on the rear brakes, and reminds readers that each manufacturer has an emergency method using a tool that is usually in the car; normally a technician should do it.^[1][2]

The electric handbrake doesn't hold the car

RACE says the system may not hold the vehicle. Diariomotor points out that, at the ITV (the Spanish roadworthiness inspection, similar to the MOT), the parking brake must hold the car on a 16% slope; its criteria refer to mechanical brakes.^[1][5]

Red warning light with a P or a circle with an exclamation mark

coches.com describes the red warning light with a P in brackets and, sometimes, an exclamation mark. If it comes on while driving, it suggests stopping safely, switching off the engine, waiting a few seconds and starting again: if it goes out, it may be a false alarm; if not, go to a garage.^[3]

The warning light stays on even though I released it

RACE warns that it can indicate a serious problem in the braking circuit. coches.com asks you to check the fluid level, look for drips under the car and check the brake lights.^[3][4]

Brake warning together with the ABS warning light

coches.com says that, if the ABS warning light is also on, the calipers may be partially seized and you should not drive, but call your insurer for a tow truck.^[3]

What to check first

Check that the brake is fully released and that the button responds.^[1][3]
If the warning light comes on while driving, stop somewhere safe, switch off the engine, wait a few seconds and start again: coches.com suggests this as the first test.^[3]
Check the brake fluid level, look for drips under the car and check the brake lights.^[3]
Ask the garage to clean the brake motors (in the two-motor system this is usually done when changing pads) and to check the fuse and power supply.^[1]
If the brake is stuck on, use the manufacturer's emergency method, which usually requires a specific tool.^[1][2]

Can I keep driving?

Urgency: Garage soon

RACE and coches.com recommend going to a garage if the warning light doesn't go out, and coches.com asks you not to drive if the ABS light is also on. RACE warns that driving with the brake on wears pads and discs, overheats them and lengthens braking distances. No source details how far you can drive with an electric brake warning.^[1][2][3]

How much it costs to fix

Indicative prices published by the sources cited; they depend on the car and the garage.

Repair	Price
Replacing the motor that pulls the cables, according to RACE (from affordable cars to luxury cars; not the motor built into the caliper)^[1]	€500 – €1,000

Faults that cause it

Suspension, brake, electronics and other faults on specific cars, from most to least important.

- Critical severityFrequency: OccasionalAudi A4 B6Recalls for the rear brake hose and the sealing of the handbrake cableLoss of handbrake effectiveness if the cable sheath loses its seal and the inner cable corrodes, according to fiches-auto.fr.Repair: €0
Source for the symptom in the Audi A4 B6^[6]
- Critical severityFrequency: OccasionalAudi Q2The electric parking brake could apply inappropriatelyThe electric parking brake applies by itself or unexpectedly while the car is moving, or a related warning appears on the cluster.Repair: €0
Source for the symptom in the Audi Q2^[7]
- Critical severityFrequency: OccasionalRenault Scénic II2010 recall for risk of the electric parking brake lockingThe electric parking brake may not release, may apply erratically or may show a permanent fault warning.Repair: €0
Source for the symptom in the Renault Scénic II^[8]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalBMW X6 E71Electric parking brake lock-up on the X6 E71The parking brake stays stuck on or does not engage.
Source for the symptom in the BMW X6 E71^[9]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalDacia Duster IIIRecall for the parking lock (P-lock) sensor on the Duster IIIPossible parking lock position error.
Source for the symptom in the Dacia Duster III^[10]
- Medium severityFrequency: CommonHyundai i30 IIRecurring deficiencies in the service brake and parking brake at the technical inspectionThe parking brake may show more play or less effectiveness than expected when checked at the periodic inspection.
Source for the symptom in the Hyundai i30 II^[11]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalHyundai Ioniq 5Recall for possible unintended release of the electric parking brakeThere is no noticeable symptom in normal use; the risk (unintended release of the parking brake) only shows itself with the car parked.
Source for the symptom in the Hyundai Ioniq 5^[12]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalKia EV6Electric parking brake faultWarnings or abnormal operation of the electric parking brake.
Source for the symptom in the Kia EV6^[13]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalMazda 6 IIIRecall over water ingress in the handbrakeNo prior warning is described: the source refers to reduced holding force of the handbrake.
Source for the symptom in the Mazda 6 III^[14]
- Medium severityFrequency: CommonMercedes-Benz Clase M W163Handbrake that acts unevenly on the Mercedes M-Class W163The handbrake does not hold equally on both sides and the car may pull to one side when braking with it; it is detected at the technical inspection.
Source for the symptom in the Mercedes-Benz Clase M W163^[15][16]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalRenault Espace IVElectric parking brake failure (actuator, cable and sensor)A parking brake fault warning, or the brake locking on so that the car cannot start or be driven.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Espace IV^[17]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalRenault Espace VIRecall over the parking lock (P-lock) sensor on the Espace VIThe parking lock may fail to engage if the sensor is incorrectly oriented, according to the campaign description reported by the entry.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Espace VI^[18]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalRenault RafaleCampaign over the Rafale's parking lock (P-lock) sensorPossible failure of the parking lock to engage if the sensor is incorrectly oriented.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Rafale^[19]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalSeat AronaThe electric parking brake actuator can failElectric parking brake fault message in the cluster; the actuator fails to apply the brake or, in some cases, activates without the driver asking for it.Repair (garage): €250–€550
Source for the symptom in the Seat Arona^[20]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalŠkoda KaroqThe electric parking brake could release unintentionallyThe electric parking brake releases by itself, does not apply properly, or a related warning appears on the instrument cluster.Repair: €0
Source for the symptom in the Škoda Karoq^[21]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalSubaru Legacy VElectric parking brake failure caused by a capacitor in the control unitSafety Gate refers to faulty operation of the electric parking brake, with the brake applying or releasing unexpectedly; it does not mention any specific advance warnings.
Source for the symptom in the Subaru Legacy V^[22][23]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalSubaru Outback IVElectric parking brake fault due to a control unit capacitorSafety Gate describes a malfunction of the electric parking brake, with unexpected application or release of the brake; it cites no specific prior warnings.
Source for the symptom in the Subaru Outback IV^[22]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalToyota Yaris IVElectric parking brake and ABS software fault on the 2020-2021 hybrid YarisThe electric parking brake may fail to apply; according to the German source, ABS and the pre-collision system may also fail.
Source for the symptom in the Toyota Yaris IV^[24][25]
- Medium severityFrequency: CommonVolkswagen Passat B6The electric parking brake does not always apply or release properlyThe electric parking brake does not engage or release when you press the switch, or takes longer than normal to do so.
Source for the symptom in the Volkswagen Passat B6^[26]
- High severityFrequency: OccasionalVolvo XC60 IRecall: the handbrake can release on its own in the manual XC60No prior symptom is described: a car parked on a slope could roll away when the handbrake releases.
Source for the symptom in the Volvo XC60 I^[27]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalChrysler Voyager RTParking brake with insufficient holding powerThe handbrake does not hold the car or applies little force.
Source for the symptom in the Chrysler Voyager RT^[28]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalHyundai i10 IIService brake and handbrake failing the inspectionThe handbrake has little effectiveness or feels loose, or the rear discs are rusted, which may be a defect at the ITV (Spain’s roadworthiness inspection).
Source for the symptom in the Hyundai i10 II^[29][30]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalHyundai i30 IMore defects than usual in the service brake and parking brakeThe parking brake may show more play or less effectiveness than expected when tested at the periodic inspection.
Source for the symptom in the Hyundai i30 I^[31]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalIveco Daily VISecondary parking brake cable that can break at its eyeletThe parking brake may not hold properly if the cable breaks.
Source for the symptom in the Iveco Daily VI^[22]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalKia Ceed IIWear of pads, discs and the parking brake systemRecurring deficiencies are also detected in the service and parking brake systems.
Source for the symptom in the Kia Ceed II^[32]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalKia Ceed IIIElectric parking brake and Auto Hold function faultsThe electric parking brake does not release when you set off, forcing you to repeat the manoeuvre or intervene manually.
Source for the symptom in the Kia Ceed III^[33]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalKia Picanto IIHandbrake that does not fully release due to corrosion (rear calipers)The handbrake does not fully release and the car may drag its brakes.
Source for the symptom in the Kia Picanto II^[34]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalMercedes-Benz Clase C W204Seized handbrake and rusted brake pipesHandbrake that does not release or does not hold, or a fault found at the technical inspection.
Source for the symptom in the Mercedes-Benz Clase C W204^[35]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalMercedes-Benz Clase E W212Corroded brake lines and handbrake failing the German MOTA mechanical handbrake fault or corroded brake lines found at inspection.
Source for the symptom in the Mercedes-Benz Clase E W212^[36][37]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalMG ZTHandbrake with insufficient holding powerThe handbrake fails to hold, or the lever reaches the end of its travel.
Source for the symptom in the MG ZT^[38]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalPeugeot 3008 IElectric parking brake failureThe handbrake warning light comes on or flashes, and the parking brake may not release or may not apply properly.
Source for the symptom in the Peugeot 3008 I^[39]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalRenault Laguna IIElectric parking brake fault warningsThe message «Handbrake fault» or «Check handbrake» on the instrument cluster.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Laguna II^[40]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalRenault Mégane E-TechParking lock (P position) may not engage: campaigns 0EWQ and 0EY9When parking, the car may not be locked in P even though it appears to be; the automatic parking brake can still immobilise it.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Mégane E-Tech^[41][42]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalRenault SymbiozParking lock (P position) may not engage: campaign 0EY9When parking, the car may not be locked in P even though it seems to be; the electric parking brake can still immobilise it.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Symbioz^[43][44]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalRover 200 R3Parking brake with insufficient effectivenessThe handbrake does not hold the car on a slope.
Source for the symptom in the Rover 200 R3^[45]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalSeat MiiMechanical handbrake and rear brakes on the Seat MiiMechanical handbrake failure that requires calling for roadside assistance, according to the ADAC's classification.
Source for the symptom in the Seat Mii^[46]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalŠkoda CitigoMechanical handbrake and rear brakes on the Skoda CitigoMechanical handbrake failure that requires calling for roadside assistance, according to the ADAC's classification.
Source for the symptom in the Škoda Citigo^[46]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalTesla Model SModel S parking brake failure (2017 campaign)Wikipedia does not describe any specific symptoms of the fault.
Source for the symptom in the Tesla Model S^[47]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalTesla Model XModel X parking brake failure (2017 recall)The sources describe no specific symptoms.
Source for the symptom in the Tesla Model X^[48]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalToyota VersoWorn brake discs and a poor handbrake on the Verso in the German technical inspectionHandbrake that does not hold well at the inspection; brake discs worn beyond limits.
Source for the symptom in the Toyota Verso^[49]
- Medium severityFrequency: OccasionalVolkswagen Passat B7The electric parking brake does not always release properlyThe electric parking brake does not release when you start the car or select a gear, or takes longer than normal to do so.
Source for the symptom in the Volkswagen Passat B7^[50]
- High severityFrequency: RareFiat Punto IIIBrake recall campaigns: brake servo connectors and handbrake (2013)The handbrake campaign does not describe a prior warning symptom noticeable to the driver before the inspection.
Source for the symptom in the Fiat Punto III^[51]
- High severityFrequency: RareNissan Leaf IElectric parking brake jams or fails to engageThe electric parking brake can jam or fail to engage properly, with warnings on the instrument cluster and no way to apply or release it normally.
Source for the symptom in the Nissan Leaf I^[52]
- High severityFrequency: RareNissan Leaf IIParking brake failure due to a weld defect (November 2020 campaign)The parking brake may not lock when the car is put in the «Park» position, with the resulting risk of the car moving if it is not on a level surface.
Source for the symptom in the Nissan Leaf II^[53]
- High severityFrequency: RareOpel Movano CFaulty parking brake operationThe parking brake does not hold well and the car could move on its own.
Source for the symptom in the Opel Movano C^[54]
- High severityFrequency: RarePeugeot Partner IIIElectric parking brake that locks or has a gear failureParking brake warning and the car immobilised with the brake applied.
Source for the symptom in the Peugeot Partner III^[55][56]
- High severityFrequency: RareRenault Scénic IVElectric parking brake and rear calipers that seizeThe electric parking brake fails or does not release normally.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Scénic IV^[57]
- High severityFrequency: RareRenault ZoeElectric parking brake failure (2016 and 2018 campaigns)The electric parking brake can suddenly stop responding, without warning, or the 'Park' function actuator can break.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Zoe^[58]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareAudi Q3 IElectronic parking brake that is hard to releaseThe electronic parking brake button is hard to release after parking.
Source for the symptom in the Audi Q3 I^[59]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareDS DS 4 IElectric parking brake faultThe electric or automatic handbrake stops working.
Source for the symptom in the DS DS 4 I^[60]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareFord S-Max ISeized or broken parking brake cable or actuatorThe handbrake stays applied or a system fault appears.
Source for the symptom in the Ford S-Max I^[61]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareFord S-Max IIElectric parking brake faults and ABS/ESP warnings caused by wheel sensorsThe electric parking brake can suffer control faults or release unexpectedly, according to fiches-auto.fr.
Source for the symptom in the Ford S-Max II^[62]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareKia Niro IIHybrid DCT6 dual-clutch gearbox: jerking and electric parking brakeIn the same case, the electric parking brake had a simultaneous fault.
Source for the symptom in the Kia Niro II^[63]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareLancia ThesisElectric parking brake that gives problems or locks the gearboxElectric parking brake that gives problems; in one case, the automatic gearbox and brake lock at the same time.
Source for the symptom in the Lancia Thesis^[64][65]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareMercedes-Benz Clase S W221Electric parking brake failureThe source speaks of an electric parking brake fault without detailing the exact warning or behaviour.
Source for the symptom in the Mercedes-Benz Clase S W221^[66][67]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareMitsubishi Colt VIWorn brakes and a parking brake that seizesThe parking brake stays seized.
Source for the symptom in the Mitsubishi Colt VI^[68]
- Low severityFrequency: OccasionalOpel Meriva BCentral locking, electric window and electric parking brake faultsThe electric parking brake releases by itself, according to one testimonial.
Source for the symptom in the Opel Meriva B^[69]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareOpel Zafira Tourer CSoftware for hill start assist and electric parking brake (2011-2014)Warning or impression that the parking brake is applied when it is not.
Source for the symptom in the Opel Zafira Tourer C^[70]
- Medium severityFrequency: RareRenault Mégane IVFault warnings on the parking brake and braking systemParking brake fault message with a red warning light or indicator on the lever/button; in several cases it disappears after switching the car off, moving it forward slightly and applying the brake again.
Source for the symptom in the Renault Mégane IV^[71]

Parking brake warning: causes in your car

59 cars have several documented faults that cause this symptom. Choose yours to see only those that affect it, by engine and by year.

Audi 3

BMW 1

BMW X6 E71

Chrysler 1

Chrysler Voyager RT

Dacia 1

Dacia Duster III

DS 1

DS DS 4 I

Fiat 1

Fiat Punto III

Ford 2

Hyundai 4

Iveco 1

Iveco Daily VI

Kia 5

Lancia 1

Lancia Thesis

Mazda 1

Mazda 6 III

Mercedes-Benz 4

MG 1

MG ZT

Mitsubishi 1

Mitsubishi Colt VI

Nissan 2

Opel 3

Peugeot 2

Renault 10

Rover 1

Rover 200 R3

Seat 2

Škoda 2

Subaru 2

Tesla 2

Toyota 2

Volkswagen 2

Volvo 1

Volvo XC60 I

Parking brake warning by brand

Frequently asked questions

What do I do if the electric handbrake stays on?

RACE suggests, on a slope, pushing the car to relieve pressure on the rear brakes and, if it doesn't release, using the manufacturer's emergency release, which requires a tool and technical knowledge.^[1][2]

Can you drive with the handbrake on or the warning light on?

RACE advises against driving with the brake on: it wears pads and discs, overheats them and lengthens braking distance. With the warning light on, coches.com asks you to stop and see a mechanic.^[2][3]

How much does it cost to fix an electric handbrake?

RACE puts the motor that pulls the cables at about €500 in Spain on affordable cars and above €1,000 on luxury cars. If the fault is a fuse, the cost is much lower, although no source gives a figure.^[1]

Will a car with a faulty parking brake pass the MOT?

Diariomotor explains that the brake must hold the car on a 16% slope and that it is only a serious defect if it doesn't act on one side or its efficiency is below that value. The article refers to mechanical brakes.^[5]

Why does the electric handbrake fail?

RACE attributes it to the button, dirt in the motor, the control unit, a fuse or lack of power, and links most causes to lack of maintenance.^[1]

Other symptoms: warning lights and alerts

All symptoms

Has this happened to you? Tell us which fault it was, at how many kilometres and how much you paid: it helps other owners know what to expect. Report your fault.

Sources

Every fact on this page links to its source. If you find an error, let us know.

Avería del freno de mano eléctricoRACE · Motoring press · published 18 December 2023 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in Spanish
¿Qué pasa si conduces con el freno de mano puesto?RACE · Motoring press · published 13 November 2023 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in Spanish
Testigo del freno de mano puesto siempre encendido: ¿Por qué?coches.com · Motoring press · published 29 September 2021 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in Spanish
¿Qué significa cada testigo rojo del coche?RACE · Motoring press · published 23 June 2026 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in Spanish
El defecto, más incomprensible, que puede hacer que tu coche no supere la ITVDiariomotor · Motoring press · published 23 February 2024 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in Spanish
Fiabilité Audi A4 (2001-2007)fiches-auto.fr · Reliability study · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Used Audi Q2 reviewAuto Express · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026
Fiabilité Renault Scénic 2 : les pannes et avis des propriétairesFiches-Auto.fr · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Tous les problèmes sur Bmw X6 2008-2014 (128 témoignages)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Tous les problèmes sur Dacia Duster 3 2024fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Hyundai i30 als Gebrauchtwagen: So gut ist der Golf-Gegner beim TÜVT-Online · General press · published May 2026 · consulted 27 September 2026 · in German
Rappel Hyundai Ioniq 5 : la boucle est boucléeCaradisiac.com · Motoring press · published 23 August 2022 · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Todos los problemas del Kia EV6 2021 (19 testimonios)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Mazda 6 (2012-2014): infiltración de agua en el freno de estacionamiento (alerta 3/2018)Car-Recalls.eu (EU Safety Gate) · Other source · consulted 29 October 2026
Gebrauchtwagen-Test: Mercedes M-Klasse (ab 1997)AUTO BILD · Motoring press · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Gebrauchtwagentest: Mercedes ML W163 (1998-2004)AutoScout24 Österreich · Motoring press · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Tous les problèmes sur Renault Espace 4 2002-2014 (537 témoignages)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Tous les problèmes sur Renault Espace 6 2023fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Tous les problèmes sur Renault Rafale 2024fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Problemas Seat Arona | Fallos y averías más frecuentesTotal Renting · Other source · consulted 26 September 2026 · in Spanish
Used Skoda Karoq reviewAuto Express · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026
DVSA – base de llamadas a revisión (RecallsFile)DVSA (Reino Unido) · Official body · consulted 29 October 2026
Subaru Legacy (2010-2014): freno de estacionamiento eléctrico (Safety Gate 17/2020)car-recalls.eu · Other source · published 26 April 2020 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in Spanish
Toyota Yaris IV (XP21): bekannte Probleme und RückrufeGebrauchtwagenberater.de · Motoring press · published 12 December 2022 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Toyota Yaris HV (2020-2021): freno de estacionamiento eléctrico (alerta 22/2021)car-recalls.eu (Safety Gate UE) · Other source · published 6 June 2021 · consulted 29 October 2026
Fiabilité Volkswagen Passat (2004-2010): pannes et témoignages de propriétairesFiches-auto.fr · Owners' forum · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Volvo XC60 Recalls in EU (Safety Gate)car-recalls.eu · Official body · consulted 29 October 2026
Chrysler Grand Voyager Car Check: MOT History, Reliability & FaultsCarVerify · Reliability study · consulted 30 October 2026
Tous les problèmes sur Hyundai i10 2013-2020 (33 témoignages)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Hyundai i10 II: Typische Mängel und KrankheitenGebrauchtwagenberater.de · Motoring press · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Achtung, gebraucht wird der Hyundai i30 zum Risiko!Auto Bild · Motoring press · published June 2026 · consulted 27 September 2026 · in German
Gebrauchter Ceed: Beim TÜV zeigt sich die AlterschwächeAuto Bild · Motoring press · published June 2026 · consulted 27 September 2026 · in German
Kia Ceed III: Bekannte Probleme & RückrufeGebrauchtwagenberater.de · Motoring press · published September 2025 · consulted 27 September 2026 · in German
Kia Picanto: Probleme und SchwachstellenGebrauchtwagenberater · Motoring press · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Mercedes C-Klasse W204 S204 2007-2014 Probleme Schwachstellen RückrufeGebrauchtwagenberater.de · Motoring press · published 11 April 2026 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Mercedes E-Klasse 212 und 213 gebraucht: So schneidet sie beim TÜV abt-online (dpa, Auto Bild TÜV-Report 2024) · Reliability study · published 26 October 2024 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Mercedes E-Klasse W212 S212 2009-2016 Probleme und SchwachstellenGebrauchtwagenberater.de · Motoring press · published 5 September 2026 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
MG ZT Car Check: MOT History, Reliability & FaultsCarVerify · Reliability study · consulted 30 October 2026
Peugeot 3008 : pannes et fiabilitéfiches-auto.fr · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Avería freno de mano eléctrico Renault: mensajes "Anomalía freno de mano" o "Freno de mano a revisar" (Scenic II, Megane II, Laguna II, Espace)La Wiki del Coche (blog) · Technical documentation · published April 2020 · consulted 27 September 2026 · in Spanish
Renault Megane E-Tech (2024–2025): recall 0EWQ for the parking brake actuator position sensorcar-recalls.eu · Other source · published 14 September 2025 · consulted 29 October 2026
Renault Megane E-Tech (2024–2025): recall 0EY9 for the parking brake actuator position sensorcar-recalls.eu · Other source · published 28 September 2025 · consulted 29 October 2026
Renault Symbioz (2024 – 2025) electronic injury: llamada a revisión 0EY9 del sensor del actuador del freno de estacionamientocar-recalls.eu (Safety Gate UE) · Other source · published 28 September 2025 · consulted 30 October 2026
Fiabilité Renault Symbioz (2024)Fiches-auto.fr · Reliability study · consulted 30 October 2026 · in French
Rover 200 Car Check: MOT History, Reliability & FaultsCarVerify · Reliability study · consulted 30 October 2026
ADAC Pannenstatistik 2025: Anhang «Überdurchschnittlich häufig auftretende Mängel nach Baureihe»ADAC · Reliability study · published April 2025 · consulted 30 October 2026 · in German
Tesla Model SWikipedia (en) · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026
Tesla Model XWikipedia (en) · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026
Toyota Verso: alle bekannten Probleme und SchwachstellenGebrauchtwagenberater.de · Motoring press · published 25 June 2023 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Used Volkswagen Passat reviewAuto Express · Motoring press · consulted 27 September 2026
Fiabilité et pannes de la Fiat Punto (Grande Punto / Punto Evo / Punto)Fiches-auto.fr · Owners' forum · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Fiabilité Nissan Leaf (2011-2017) : pannes et avis des propriétairesFiches-auto.fr · Reliability study · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Fiabilité Nissan Leaf 2 (à partir de 2019) : pannes et avis des propriétairesFiches-auto.fr · Reliability study · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Opel Movano Recalls in EUCar-Recalls.eu (Safety Gate) · Official body · consulted 29 October 2026
Peugeot Rifter 2019: tous les problèmes (71 témoignages)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Citroën Berlingo 3 2018: tous les problèmes (39 témoignages)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Fiabilité Renault Scénic 4 : pannes et témoignagesFiches-auto.fr · Owners' forum · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Fiabilité Renault Zoe (2012-2019) : pannes et avis des propriétairesFiches-auto.fr · Reliability study · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Frenos Audi Q3: fallas y solucionesOpinautos · Owners' forum · consulted 27 September 2026 · in Spanish
Tous les problèmes sur Ds DS4 2011-2018 (314 témoignages)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Fiabilité Ford S-Max (2006-2014): 204 témoignagesfiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 4 October 2026 · in French
Fiabilité et pannes du Ford S-Max 2 (2015-)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Tous les problèmes sur Kia Niro 2022Fiches-auto.fr · Reliability study · consulted 27 September 2026 · in French
Lancia Thesis 2.0 Turbo: opiniones de propietariosalVolante (Italia) · Owners' forum · published 12 January 2013 · consulted 29 October 2026 · in another language
Foro Lancia ThesisForum Auto Matmut (Francia) · Owners' forum · consulted 29 October 2026 · in French
Mercedes Classe S 2005-2013: tous les problèmes (témoignages de propriétaires)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221)Wikipedia · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026
Mitsubishi Colt VI Z30 2004-2012 Probleme und SchwachstellenGebrauchtwagenberater · Motoring press · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Opel Meriva 2 (2010-2017): pannes et problèmes (238 témoignages)fiches-auto.fr · Other source · consulted 5 October 2026 · in French
Opel Zafira C (Tourer): typische Probleme und Schwachstellen, TÜV, ADAC und RückrufeGebrauchtwagenberater.de · Motoring press · consulted 29 October 2026 · in German
Fallo freno de mano eléctricoForo Club Megane · Owners' forum · consulted 26 September 2026 · in Spanish