e-Skyactiv D 3.3 vs 2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD): which engine is more reliable?

According to our risk index, the e-Skyactiv D 3.3 carries less risk than the 2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD): 21/100 (low risk) versus 63/100 (high risk). The e-Skyactiv D 3.3 has 2 documented serious faults, the main one being «Stalling and restart failures due to control unit software»; the 2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD) has 3 documented serious faults, the main one being «Cracked pistons in the 3.0 D-4D (1KD-FTV)».

Risk index

e-Skyactiv D 3.3

Low risk · 2 serious faults

Lower risk

Risk index

2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD)

High risk · 3 serious faults

The index (0–100) weights the severity and frequency of the three most serious documented faults. How it is calculated

Reviewed on 2 November 202616 sources How we work

Is the e-Skyactiv D 3.3 reliable?

The e-Skyactiv D 3.3 is an inline-six diesel with mild-hybrid assistance that Mazda debuted in the CX-60. It is a very recent engine: there is no in-service reliability data, and what is documented are software recalls (stalling, restarting, clutch) fixed at the official dealer.^[1][2][3]

See the 2 of the e-Skyactiv D 3.3 faults

Is the 2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD) reliable?

Toyota's KD diesels (2.5 D-4D, 2KD-FTV, and 3.0 D-4D, 1KD-FTV) have their best-documented weak points in the injectors: the copper seats of the 2004-2007 units, which can block the oil pickup, and the Denso injectors of the 3.0. The 3.0 of the Euro 4 era also has a record of cracked pistons; for the 2.5 we have only found the injector seal problem.^{[4][5][6][7][8]}

See the 5 of the 2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD) faults

Side-by-side comparison

Comparison of e-Skyactiv D 3.3 and 2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD)
Item	e-Skyactiv D 3.3	2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD)
Technical data
Type	Engine	Engine
Fuel	Diesel	Diesel
Displacement	3,283 cm³	—
Timing	—	Timing belt (dry)
Power	254 hp	102–190 hp
Production	since 2022^[9][10]	since 2000^{[4][11][12][13][14]}
Reliability
Risk index (what is it?)	21Low risk	63High risk
Documented faults	2	5
Of high or critical severity	2	3
Worst severity	High severity	Critical severity
Main faults	High severity: Stalling and restart failures due to control unit software High severity: Clutch between engine and electric motor that does not re-engage after braking	Critical severity: Cracked pistons in the 3.0 D-4D (1KD-FTV) Critical severity: Leaking copper injector seats and blocked oil pickup High severity: Denso injector failure in the 3.0 D-4D (blockage and wear)
Most expensive documented repair	No reliable data	No reliable data
Which versions to buy
BuyRecommended versions	None	None
With cautionVersions to be cautious about	3.3 e-Skyactiv D 254 (T3-VPTS, 2022-present)^[1][2][3]	2.5 D-4D 102-120 hp (2KD-FTV, 2005-2011)^[6] 2.5 D-4D 144 hp (2KD-FTV, 2011-2016)^[6][15] 3.0 D-4D 163-166 hp (1KD-FTV, Land Cruiser J120, 2003-2006)^[4][16] 3.0 D-4D 173 hp (1KD-FTV, Euro 4, Land Cruiser J120, 2006-2009)^[4][6][8] 3.0 D-4D 171 hp (1KD-FTV, Hilux, 2005-2016)^[5][15] 3.0 D-4D 190 hp (1KD-FTV, Euro 5, Land Cruiser J150, 2010-2015)^[7][8]
AvoidVersions to avoid	None	None

Severity of each fault: green, low; amber, medium; red, high; dark red, critical. How we rate them

Cars that each one is fitted to

e-Skyactiv D 3.3

Mazda CX-60

2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD)

Other comparisons

With the e-Skyactiv D 3.3

With the 2.5 / 3.0 D-4D (KD)

Compare other engines

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Sources

Every fact on this page links to its source. If you find an error, let us know.

DVSA – base de llamadas a revisión (Mazda CX-60)DVSA (Reino Unido) · Official body · consulted 29 October 2026
Mazda CX-60 (2022 – 2024): engine stall (Safety Gate SR/01913/25)Car-Recalls.eu · Official body · published 23 May 2025 · consulted 29 October 2026
Mazda CX-60: The engine not responding to the accelerator after stopping (KBA 14131R)Car-Recalls.eu · Official body · published 11 August 2025 · consulted 29 October 2026
Toyota 1KD-FTV 3.0 D-4D: ficha del motor, puntos débiles y fiabilidadMotorReviewer · Technical documentation · consulted 2 November 2026
D4D Toyota HiLux common problems and solutionsUnsealed 4x4 · Motoring press · consulted 2 November 2026
Toyota Hilux (2005 - 2012) used car reviewRAC Drive · Motoring press · published 17 February 2017 · consulted 2 November 2026
Toyota Land Cruiser 150: Gebrauchtwagen-TestAUTO BILD · Motoring press · published 20 January 2020 · consulted 2 November 2026 · in German
1KD-FTV - piston crackToyota-Club.net · Other source · published October 2015 · consulted 2 November 2026
Skyactiv (apartado Skyactiv-D 3.3)Wikipedia (inglés) · Other source · consulted 29 October 2026
Mazda CX-60 3.3 e-Skyactiv D MHEV 254ps AWD HomuraPractical Caravan · Motoring press · consulted 29 October 2026
Toyota KD engineWikipedia (inglés) · Other source · consulted 2 November 2026
Allgemeine Daten zum Toyota Hilux Double Cab 3.0 D-4D Life 4x4 (12/11 - 08/14)ADAC Autokatalog · Technical documentation · consulted 2 November 2026 · in German
Allgemeine Daten zum Toyota Hilux Single Cab 2.5 D-4D 4x2 (12/11 - 08/16)ADAC Autokatalog · Technical documentation · consulted 2 November 2026 · in German
Allgemeine Daten zum Toyota Land Cruiser 3.0 D-4D (5-Türer, 01/11 - 10/13)ADAC Autokatalog · Technical documentation · consulted 2 November 2026 · in German
Vanliga fel: Toyota Hilux (guía de averías comunes)BilKoll · Other source · consulted 2 November 2026 · in another language
Toyota Land Cruiser 125 D4-DAutofácil · Motoring press · published 2 February 2011 · consulted 2 November 2026 · in Spanish